Influence of flow rate, temperature and pressure on multiphase flows of supercritical carbon dioxide and water using multivariate partial least square regression

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is often used to replace harmful solvents and can dissolve a wide range of organic compounds. With a favorable critical point at 31 °C and 7.4 MPa, reaching above the critical point for scCO2 is fairly accessible. Because of the compressible nature of scCO2 and the large changes of viscosity and density with temperature and pressure, there is a need to determine the behavior of scCO2 in microfluidic systems. Here, the influence of how parameters such as flow rate, temperature, pressure, and flow ratio affects the length of parallel flow of water and scCO2 and the length of the created CO2 segments are investigated and modeled using multivariate data analysis for a 10 mm long double-y channel. The parallel length and segment size were observed in the laminar regime around and above the critical point of CO2. The flow ratio between the two fluids together with the flow rate influenced both the parallel length and the segment sizes, and a higher pressure resulted in shorter parallel lengths. Regarding the segment length of CO2, longer segments were a result of a higher Weber number for H2O together with a higher temperature in the channel.