Wild Plants Used as Nutraceuticals from Nebbi District, Uganda

Aims: To inventory the wild plant species used both as food and medicine and how they are used in Panyago Sub County, Nebbi district.

Study Design: Ethnobotanical study.

Place and Duration of Study: The villages of Kaal, Padoch South, Nyakaduli and Pacer South, Panyango Sub County, Jonam County in Nebbi district, between May and July 2011.

Methodology: Data were collected from the local people using questionnaires, Focus Group Discussions (FGD’s) and field observations. Both purposeful sampling and simple random sampling methods were used to obtain the required information. Triangulation was achieved by combining the different data collection techniques and tools.

Results: Forty six plant species belonging to 28 different plant families were reported to have overlapping uses as both foods and medicines. They were reported to treat 32 conditions, the commonest being stomach or abdominal aches. Leaves were the most frequently used parts of the plants as food (45.1%), while roots were the most commonly used parts of the plants as medicine (33.8%). Some of the plant species were reported to have the same parts used both as medicine and eaten as food (26.1 %) while other plant species had different parts used either as food or medicine. Infusions were the most commonly used methods of preparation, while most medicines were administered orally. An additional nine plant species belonging to eight plant families were reported to be used as famine foods, with no apparent medicinal benefits.

Conclusion: Several species of wild plants are used as nutriceuticals or as medicines by the people of Nebbi. Notably, many of the plants have overlapping uses as food and medicine. Many families still rely heavily on these plant species but are not consistently transferring the knowledge to the younger generations.